Plugins¶
edi comes with a few reusable plugins:
LXC/LXD Templates¶
During the root file system assembly edi adds templates to the container image (see LXD Documentation).
The following templates are already predefined:
LXC/LXD Profiles¶
With the help of profiles a container configuration can be fine tuned in a modular way (see LXD Profile Documentation).
The following profiles have proven to be useful for various projects:
Default Network Interface¶
This profile adds a default network interface to the container named according to the value of
edi_lxc_network_interface_name
. The interface is of type bridged
and its parent is
lxdbr0
.
lxc_profiles:
...
100_lxc_networking:
path: lxc_profiles/general/lxc_networking/default_interface.yml
...
Default Root Device¶
This profile makes sure that the container uses the default
storage pool as its
root device. Please note that newer LXD versions (>=2.9) require the configuration of a storage pool.
lxc_profiles:
...
200_default_root_device:
path: lxc_profiles/general/default_root_device/default_root_device.yml
...
Privileged Mode¶
This profile will make sure that the container is running in privileged mode.
lxc_profiles:
...
300_privileged:
path: lxc_profiles/general/security/privileged.yml
...
Please note that if a container has one or more shared folders configured it will automatically be turned into privileged mode.
Suppress Init¶
This profile will make sure that the container does not start using systemd but instead uses dumb-init. This is especially useful during the build of a distributable image. During such a build you just want to assemble the image without starting any services.
The following configuration snippet will conditionally enable the usage of dumb-init:
lxc_profiles:
...
400_suppress_init:
path: lxc_profiles/general/suppress_init/suppress_init.yml
skip: {{ not edi_create_distributable_image }}
...
dumb-init is not part of the default package set during bootstrapping. For this reason you have to add it within the bootstrap section (otherwise the launching of the container will fail):
bootstrap:
...
additional_packages: ["python", "sudo", "netbase", "net-tools", "iputils-ping", "ifupdown", "isc-dhcp-client", "resolvconf", "systemd", "systemd-sysv", "gnupg", "dumb-init"]
...
Ansible Playbooks¶
edi ships with a few Ansible playbooks that can be re-used in many projects. This playbooks can also serve as an example if you want to write a custom playbook for your own project.
Please take a look at the comprehensive documentation of Ansible if you want to write your own playbook.
Here is a description of the built-in playbooks including the parameters that can be used to fine tune them:
Base System¶
The base system playbook tackles the following tasks:
- Setup the lxc container network interface (optional).
- Inherit the proxy settings from the host computer (optional).
- Perform a basic apt setup.
- Add a default user (optional).
- Install an openssh server (optional).
The following code snippet adds the base system playbook to your configuration:
playbooks:
...
100_base_system:
parameters:
create_default_user: true
install_openssh_server: true
path: playbooks/debian/base_system/main.yml
...
The playbook can be fine tuned as follows:
key | description |
---|---|
apply_proxy_settings | With this boolean value you can specify if the target system shall get a proxy setup.
The default value is True and the standard behavior is that the target system will
inherit the proxy settings of the host system. However, the proxy settings can be customized
according to the table below.
If you specify False the target system proxy setup will remain untouched. |
configure_lxc_network_interface | By default (boolean value True ) the playbook will add a lxc network interface to the container.
If this behavior is not desired, change the setting to False . |
create_default_user | By default (boolean value False ) no additional user gets created. If you need an additional user
switch this value to True and fine tune the default user according to the table below. |
install_openssh_server | By default (boolean value False ), no ssh server will be installed on the target system.
Switch this value to True if you would like to access the system using ssh. |
disable_ssh_password_authentication | By default password authentication is disabled for ssh (boolean value True ). If you want to
allow password based authentication then switch this value to False but make sure to use a non standard
password. |
authorize_current_user | By default (boolean value True ) the current host user will be authorized to ssh into the account
of the default user. Switch this value to False if the current user shall not be authorized. |
ssh_pub_key_directory | All the public keys (ending with .pub) contained in the folder ssh_pub_key_directory (defaults to
{{ edi_project_directory }}/ssh_pub_keys ) will be added to the list of authorized ssh keys of the
default user. |
install_documentation | By default (boolean value True ) the documentation of every Debian package will get installed.
Switch this value to False if you want to deploy an image with a minimal footprint. |
translations_filter | By default all translations contained in Debian packages will get installed (empty filter: "" ).
To reduce the footprint of the resulting artifacts the number of installed languages can be limited.
By choosing the builtin filter "en_translations_only" you can make sure that only English
translations will get installed. |
The proxy settings can be customized as follows:
key | description |
---|---|
target_http_proxy | The http proxy that gets applied to the target system (defaults to {{ edi_host_http_proxy }} ). |
target_https_proxy | The https proxy that gets applied to the target system (defaults to {{ edi_host_https_proxy }} ). |
target_ftp_proxy | The ftp proxy that gets applied to the target system (defaults to {{ edi_host_ftp_proxy }} ). |
target_socks_proxy | The socks proxy that gets applied to the target system (defaults to {{ edi_host_socks_proxy }} ). |
target_no_proxy | The proxy exception list that gets applied to the target system
(defaults to {{ edi_host_no_proxy }} ). |
The default user can be fine tuned as follows:
key | description |
---|---|
default_user_group_name | The group name of the default user (default is edi ). |
default_user_gid | The group id of the default user (default is 2000 ). |
default_user_name | The user name of the default user (default is edi ). |
default_user_uid | The user id of the default user (default is 2000 ). |
default_user_shell | The shell of the default user (default is /bin/bash ). |
default_user_groups | The groups of the default user (default is adm,sudo ). |
default_user_password | The initially set password of the default user
(default is ChangeMe! ). |
Base System Cleanup¶
The base system cleanup playbook makes sure that we get a clean distributable image by doing the following tasks:
- It removes the openssh server keys (they shall be unique per system).
- It removes cached apt data to reduce the artifact footprint.
- It finalizes the proxy setup.
- It sets the final hostname.
The following code snippet adds the base system cleanup playbook to your configuration:
playbooks:
...
900_base_system_cleanup:
path: playbooks/debian/base_system_cleanup/main.yml
parameters:
hostname: raspberry
...
The playbook can be fine tuned as follows:
key | description |
---|---|
hostname | Set the hostname within the final artifact (default is edi ). |
regenerate_openssh_server_keys | By default the playbook will make sure that the openssh server keys get regenerated
(boolean value True ). Switch this value to False if you would like to keep the same
openssh server keys for all instances that will receive this artifact. |
cleanup_proxy_settings | By default the proxy settings of the resulting artifact will get cleaned up
(boolean value True ). If you would like to keep the same proxy settings switch this value to
False . When set to True , the proxy settings can be fine tuned according to the table
below. |
The final proxy settings can be customized as follows:
key | description |
---|---|
target_http_proxy | The final http proxy settings (defaults to "" ). |
target_https_proxy | The final https proxy settings (defaults to "" ). |
target_ftp_proxy | The final ftp proxy settings (defaults to "" ). |
target_socks_proxy | The final socks proxy settings (defaults to "" ). |
target_no_proxy | The final proxy exception list (defaults to "" ). |
Development User Facilities¶
The development user facilities playbook adds the host user (the user that runs edi
) to the target system.
In case the target system is an LXD container and shared folders are defined, the playbook will
make sure that the specified folders are shared between the host system and the LXD container.
The host user will automatically be authorized to ssh into the target system.
The password for the user (same user name as the host user) in the target system will be ChangeMe!
.
Please note that this playbook will get skipped entirely when a distributable image gets created
(when edi_create_distributable_image
is True
).
The following code snippet adds the development user facilities playbook to your configuration:
playbooks:
...
200_development_user_facilities:
path: playbooks/debian/development_user_facilities/main.yml
...
Postprocessing Commands¶
Postprocessing commands can be used to gradually transform an exported LXD container into the desired artifacts (e.g. an image that can get flashed to an SD card).
A typical post processing command can be configured as follows:
postprocessing_commands:
...
100_lxd2rootfs:
path: postprocessing_commands/rootfs/lxd2rootfs.edi
require_root: True
output:
pi3_rootfs: {{ edi_configuration_name }}_rootfs
...
edi
will render the file postprocessing_commands/rootfs/lxd2rootfs.edi
using the Jinja2 template
engine and then execute it. It is a good practice to use this file as a thin shim between edi
and the scripts
that do the heavy lifting.
The statement require_root: True
tells edi that a privileged user (sudo) is needed to execute the command.
Each post processing command shall create at least one (intermediate) artifact that gets specified within the
output
node. The resulting artifact can be used as an input for the next post processing command.
The specified output can be either a single file or a folder (if multiple files get generated by the command).
The variable edi_input_artifact
can be used to locate the artifact that got generated before the post
processing commands get called. It contains typically the artifact created by the edi lxc export
command.
The post processing commands are implemented in a very generic way and to get an idea of what they can do please take a look at the the edi-pi configuration.